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The Valencian population is now, compared to the time when its Statute of Autonomy was approved, a larger and more prosperous population. Its economy, however, despite having increased considerably, has not managed to stand out for its quality and business level. This is reflected in the analysis presented by Francisco Pérez , director of the Valencian Institute of Economic Research (IVIE) , during his participation in the V Congress of Valencian Economy . Among the main problems of the Valencian economy ; Its low productivity stands out, which does not reach the State average. Nor has per capita income over the last four decades been able to close the gap with the most advanced regions. Some, like Madrid, have considerably increased the gap. The increase in resources and specialization, both of workers and of the business sector, add a positive note to the trend. At an international level, the Valencian Community continues to be a competitive territory; despite the current difficult situation. A complicated beginning of the century The trend of the last 40 years has been one of enormous transformation. Demographically the population has grown by 1.3 million. At the same time, the number of jobs has doubled and per capita income has increased by 65%. However, the positive evolution of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is much more marked during the 20th century than in the first years of the 21st century. For Pérez, the significant disturbances of this century explain more difficult progress, although he warns that "the situation should worry us and encourage us to seek solutions .
The gap with the Community of Madrid, for example, has worsened substantially» «This undoubted progress in the level of income per inhabitant occurs at the same time that we move away from the income level of Phone Number List the Spanish average, fundamentally during this beginning of the century. In this period of strong decentralization of the public sector, there has been no regional convergence, but rather divergence with respect to other parts of the state. The gap with the Community of Madrid, for example, has worsened substantially. Valencian productivity is constantly below average, as are salaries ," says the director. More women, but fewer young people. According to the study, not only is there more employment in quantitative numbers, but its composition is substantially different. One of the biggest changes has occurred in the social labor structure, with a quasi-normalization of the percentage of women in the total workforce that is close to 50%. One of the most important changes has been the loss of employment among young people over the last 40 years. According to Francisco Pérez, among the causes that explain this situation there are negative and positive elements. «On the one hand, young people have greater training and that delays the moment of their incorporation into the labor market. At the same time, they have a very high unemployment rate that translates into a loss of weight among young people in employment ," explains Pérez.
At the same time, the improvement in the qualifications of the employed is substantial. While in 1982 the educational level of the workers was basic studies, currently 44% have higher education. The new productive fabric of the Valencian economy The Valencian productive fabric has been restructured over the last four decades. The weight of the large sectors in the economy has been varying and the more traditional ones, such as manufacturing or agriculture, have decreased significantly. At the same time, there has been an unquestionable growth in the weight of the services sector. However, we must differentiate the more traditional services, which are gaining weight moderately; and the sectors of medium-high technological intensity and more intensive in human capital, which increase significantly. «The services sector is a sector that involves poor working conditions and low salaries» Regarding the preeminence of the more traditional services sector, Francisco Pérez has pointed out that its effect "can be negative" since "traditionally, the services sector is a sector that entails poor working conditions and low salaries." Endemic deconcentration One of the traditional problems of the Valencian business sector has been its strong deconcentration. There is a large accumulation of employment in small and microenterprises. In the 21st century we have barely gone from 18 companies with more than a thousand workers to 68. For Francisco Pérez, this is "great news, but it is still few." Valencian economy «We need many more large companies. Their productivity is higher and as long as that productivity does not improve, wage growth will be modest. We have generated a lot of employment, but the salary has not kept pace with that growth. In the 21st century, salary evolution has been very uneven ," explained the director of the IVIE.
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发表于 2023-11-27 13:26:13